السنة الأولى من الدراسات العلياAnalysisمُخطَّط له
Functional analysis
Normed, Banach and Hilbert spaces, bounded operators, the Hahn–Banach, open mapping, closed graph and uniform boundedness theorems, weak topologies, and the spectral theorem for compact self-adjoint operators.
math.analysis.functional-analysis
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يعتمد على
عدد المتطلبات السابقة الإلزامية (حتى الأساس): 42
ستتعلّم
- Prove the Riesz representation theorem for Hilbert spaces and work with orthonormal bases.
- State and apply the Hahn–Banach, open mapping and uniform boundedness theorems.
- Prove the spectral theorem for compact self-adjoint operators.
تعريف
- A Banach space is a complete normed vector space; a Hilbert space is a complete inner product space.
- A linear operator T between normed spaces is bounded if ‖Tx‖ ≤ C‖x‖ for some constant C and all x.
- A bounded operator is compact if it maps bounded sets to sets with compact closure.
مبرهنة
- Riesz: every bounded linear functional on a Hilbert space H has the form x ↦ ⟨x, y⟩ for a unique y ∈ H.
- Uniform boundedness principle.
- Spectral theorem: a compact self-adjoint operator on a Hilbert space has an orthonormal basis of eigenvectors for the closure of its range, and its non-zero eigenvalues can only accumulate at 0.
- The closed unit ball of an infinite-dimensional normed space is not compact in the norm topology.
مفاهيم خاطئة شائعة
- Assuming every linear map between normed spaces is continuous.
- Thinking all norms on an infinite-dimensional vector space are equivalent.
يقود إلى
اكتشافات اختيارية
مسارات التعلّم
قراءات إضافية
- Haim Brezis, Functional Analysis, Sobolev Spaces and Partial Differential Equations (2011)
- Michael Reed and Barry Simon, Methods of Modern Mathematical Physics I: Functional Analysis (1972)