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The Lumenary

Practice · Early undergraduate

Transformation geometry and the Erlangen programme

Transformation geometry and the Erlangen programme

Warm-upHuman

What kind of isometry is f(z)=−z+4f(z) = -z + 4?

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Transformation geometry and the Erlangen programme

Warm-upHuman

Which of these isometries of the plane move every point? (Choose all that apply.)

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Transformation geometry and the Erlangen programme

CoreHuman

Two mirror lines cross at the point PP at an angle of 40∘40^\circ. What is the composite of the two reflections?

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Transformation geometry and the Erlangen programme

CoreHuman

The points 0,1,3,−30, 1, 3, -3 have cross-ratio (0,1; 3,−3)=(3−0)(−3−1)(3−1)(−3−0)=2(0, 1;\, 3, -3) = \dfrac{(3 - 0)(-3 - 1)}{(3 - 1)(-3 - 0)} = 2. The projective map m(x)=2x+1x+1m(x) = \dfrac{2x + 1}{x + 1} sends them to 1,32,74,521, \tfrac32, \tfrac74, \tfrac52. What is the cross-ratio (1,32; 74,52)(1, \tfrac32;\, \tfrac74, \tfrac52)?

Transformation geometry and the Erlangen programme

CoreHuman

Four equally spaced fence posts stand along a straight road. In a photograph, measured along the image of the road, the first three appear at 00, 1010 and 1515 mm. At how many millimetres does the fourth appear? (Use the cross-ratio: equally spaced points 0,1,2,30, 1, 2, 3 have (0,1;2,3)=43(0, 1; 2, 3) = \tfrac43.)

Transformation geometry and the Erlangen programme

CoreHuman

Which property is preserved by every affine map x↦Ax+bx \mapsto Ax + b of the plane?

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Transformation geometry and the Erlangen programme

StretchHuman

Claim: an isometry of the plane is determined by the images of two distinct points pp and qq. The claim is false. Which counterexample shows it?

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Transformation geometry and the Erlangen programme

CoreFormal

Which Lean statement correctly formalises the glide reflection z↦zˉ+tz \mapsto \bar z + t (with tt real and non-zero) has no fixed point?

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Transformation geometry and the Erlangen programme

StretchComputational

An isometry is stored as (a, b, opposite) meaning z↦az+bz \mapsto az + b (if opposite is False) or z↦azˉ+bz \mapsto a\bar z + b (if True), with ∣a∣=1|a| = 1. Write classify(a, b, opposite) returning 'identity', 'translation', 'rotation', 'reflection' or 'glide', using the criteria from the proof. The tests use Gaussian integers, so exact comparisons with == are safe.

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