कक्षा 9–12Algebraनियोजित
Quadratic equations and functions
Solving quadratic equations by factorising, completing the square and the quadratic formula; the discriminant; and graphs of quadratic functions as parabolas with a vertex and an axis of symmetry.
math.algebra.quadratics
इस विषय का पाठ अभी लिखा नहीं गया है। नीचे दी गई रूपरेखा पाठ्यक्रम-मानचित्र का हिस्सा है और इसकी समीक्षा नहीं हुई है।
इस पर आधारित
21 अनिवार्य पूर्वापेक्षाएँ (बिल्कुल नीचे तक)
आप सीखेंगे
- Solve quadratic equations by factorising, completing the square and the quadratic formula, and derive the formula.
- Use the discriminant to determine the number of real roots.
- Sketch y = ax² + bx + c with its vertex, axis of symmetry and intercepts, and solve optimisation problems.
परिभाषा
- A quadratic equation has the form ax² + bx + c = 0 with a ≠ 0.
- The discriminant is Δ = b² − 4ac.
- The vertex of a parabola is its highest or lowest point.
प्रमेय
- Quadratic formula: x = (−b ± √Δ)/(2a) when Δ ≥ 0.
- There are two distinct real roots if Δ > 0, one repeated real root if Δ = 0, and no real roots if Δ < 0.
- Vieta: the roots r and s satisfy r + s = −b/a and rs = c/a.
- Completing the square: ax² + bx + c = a(x + b/(2a))² − Δ/(4a).
आम भ्रांतियाँ
- Dividing both sides by x and losing the root x = 0.
- Misapplying the zero-product property, e.g. concluding from (x − 1)(x − 2) = 6 that x − 1 = 6 or x − 2 = 6.
- Thinking Δ < 0 means there are no solutions in any number system; there are two complex solutions.
आगे ले जाता है
वैकल्पिक खोजें
- Introductory calculus The vertex of a parabola is where its slope is zero, an idea that calculus extends to all differentiable functions.
अधिगम पथ
आगे पढ़ने के लिए
- I. M. Gelfand and A. Shen, Algebra (1993)